Trade‐off and adaptive cost in a multiple‐resistant strain of the invasive potato tuber moth Tecia solanivora     

Yeisson Gutirrez  Tito Bacca  Lady S Zambrano  María Pineda  Raul NC Guedes 《Pest management science》2019,75(6):1655-1662

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Outcomes of cats with oral tumors treated with mandibulectomy: 42 cases     

Northrup NC  Selting KA  Rassnick KM  Kristal O  O'Brien MG  Dank G  Dhaliwal RS  Jagannatha S  Cornell KK  Gieger TL 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2006,42(5):350-360

Medical records of 42 cats treated with mandibulectomy for oral neoplasia at eight institutions were reviewed to determine morbidity, progression-free interval, and survival time. Progression-free and survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 56% and 49%, and 60% and 57%, respectively. Cats with squamous cell carcinoma had significantly shorter survival than cats with fibrosarcoma or osteosarcoma. Seventy-two percent of cats were dysphagic or inappetent immediately postoperatively, and 12% never regained the ability to eat. Despite acute morbidity in 98% and long-term morbidity in 76% of cats, 83% of the 30 owners providing information were satisfied with the outcome of mandibulectomy.  相似文献   

A combination chemotherapy protocol with MOPP and CCNU consolidation (Tufts VELCAP-SC) for the treatment of canine lymphoma   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. E. Morrison-Collister  K. M. Rassnick  N. C. Northrup  O. Kristal  J. D. Chretin  L. E. Williams  S. M. Cotter  A. S. Moore 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2003,1(4):180-190

A chemotherapy protocol using a consolidation phase of alkylating agents was used for treating 94 dogs with lymphoma. Fifty‐seven percent of dogs were in stage V, 63% were ill and 38% had T‐cell lymphoma. The complete remission (CR) rate was 70% and is comparable to results achieved with previously published chemotherapy protocols. Anorexia predicted the remission; of the 40 dogs without anorexia, 35 (88%) achieved CR whereas of 52 dogs with anorexia, 30 (58%) achieved CR. Median first CR duration was 168 days and 1‐ and 2‐year CR rates were 17.4 and 15.5%, respectively. Platelet count affected length of first CR, with a 53.2% reduced chance of coming out of remission with each log increase in platelet count. Median survival time was 302 days. One and 2‐year survival rates were 44 and 13%, respectively. Anorexia and no dose reduction of any drug were independent negative variables. Of 93 dogs with toxicity data, 65 dogs (70%) required a dose reduction. Cyclophosphamide was most commonly reduced with reductions in 31 (38%) of 82 dogs. A dose reduction was significantly more likely in dogs with B‐cell lymphoma than in those with T‐cell lymphoma.  相似文献   

Brownian dynamics of cytochrome c and cytochrome c peroxidase association   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

S H Northrup  J O Boles  J C Reynolds 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,241(4861):67-70

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Use of adjuvant carboplatin for treatment of dogs with oral malignant melanoma following surgical excision     

G. Dank  K. M. Rassnick  Y. Sokolovsky  L. D. Garrett  G. S. Post  B. E. Kitchell  R. K. Sellon  M. Kleiter  N. Northrup  G. Segev 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2014,12(1):78-84

Melanoma is the most common oral malignancy in dogs. This retrospective study evaluated adjuvant carboplatin chemotherapy (with or without radiation therapy) in 17 dogs with malignant oral melanoma following surgical resection. The median dosage and number of doses of carboplatin administered to the 17 dogs was 300 mg m^?2 (range, 150–300 mg m^?2) and 4 (range, 2–11), respectively. The overall median progression‐free survival for all dogs was 259 days [95% confidence interval (CI₉₅), 119–399 days]. The first progression‐free survival event was local recurrence in seven dogs (41%) and metastases in seven dogs (41%). The median overall survival for all dogs was 440 days (CI₉₅, 247–633 days). The tumour was the cause of death in 10 dogs (59%). On the basis of this study, systemic therapy with carboplatin may be an appropriate adjunct to local treatment for canine malignant melanoma, although future prospective controlled studies are needed to compare treatment modalities for this aggressive neoplasia.  相似文献   

Phase II, open-label trial of single-agent CCNU in dogs with previously untreated histiocytic sarcoma     

Rassnick KM  Moore AS  Russell DS  Northrup NC  Kristal O  Bailey DB  Flory AB  Kiselow MA  Intile JL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2010,24(6):1528-1531

Background: Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an aggressive neoplasm in dogs, and in most instances, the disease is localized, but not amenable to surgical removal, or is disseminated. Affected patients usually die within 6 months. There have been no prospective studies to determine efficacy of single‐agent chemotherapy in dogs with HS. Hypothesis: Single‐agent CCNU [1‐(2‐chloroethyl)3‐cyclohexyl‐1‐nitrosourea; lomustine] has antitumor activity against HS in dogs. Animals: Twenty‐one dogs with histologically confirmed, nonresectable localized or disseminated HS. Methods: Prospective, open‐label phase II clinical trial in which dogs with previously untreated HS were uniformly treated with CCNU as a single oral dosage of 90 mg/m² every 4 weeks. The primary outcome measure was reduction in tumor size. Results: Fourteen dogs with disseminated HS and 7 with localized HS were enrolled between 1999 and 2008. Overall response rate was 29% (95% confidence interval [CI], 14–50%) for a median of 96 days (95% CI, 55–137 days). Three dogs (1 disseminated, 2 localized) had complete responses lasting for 54–269 days and 3 dogs (2 disseminated, 1 localized) had partial responses lasting for 78–112 days. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: CCNU, when used as a single agent, has activity against HS in dogs. Evaluation of CCNU postoperatively for dogs with resectable localized HS and as part of combination therapy for tumors that are nonresectable or disseminated should be considered.  相似文献   

Postnatal Changes in Testicular Concentrations of Transforming Growth Factors‐Alpha and‐Beta 1, 2 and 3 and Serum Concentrations of Insulin Like Growth Factor I in Bulls     

ET Bagu  JR Gordon  NC Rawlings 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(2):348-353

Based on work largely in laboratory animals, transforming growth factors (TGF) and insulin like growth factors (IGF) could be regulators of testicular development. The aim of this study was to see if TGF‐alpha and ‐beta 1, 2 and 3 are present in the bovine testis and to monitor concentrations of these factors in the testis and IGF‐I in serum during reproductive development. Separate groups of Hereford × Charolais calves (n = 6) were castrated every 4 weeks from 5 to 33 weeks of age and at 56 weeks of age. A week prior to castration, from 5 to 33 weeks of age, blood was collected every 15 min for 10 h. Serum IGF‐I concentrations increased from 8 to 12 weeks of age, decreased from 24 to 28 weeks and increased to 32 weeks of age (p < 0.05). Testicular TGF‐alpha concentrations increased from 13 to 17 weeks of age, decreased to 21 weeks and from 33 to 56 weeks of age (p < 0.05). Testicular TGF‐beta 1 concentrations decreased from 17 to 21 weeks of age, increased to 25 weeks and decreased from 25 to 33 weeks of age (p < 0.05). Testicular TGF‐beta 2 concentrations increased from 5 to 17 weeks of age, decreased to 21 weeks, increased to 25 weeks and decreased at 29 weeks of age (p < 0.05). Testicular TGF‐beta 3 concentrations increased from 13 to 17 weeks of age, decreased to 21 weeks and from 25 to 29 weeks of age (p < 0.05). We concluded that TGF‐alpha and TGF‐beta 1, 2 and 3 are present in the testis of the bull calf, and changes in concentrations with age suggest a functional role in the development of the testis.  相似文献   

The Effect of Parity of the Dam on Sexual Maturation,Serum Concentrations of Metabolic Hormones and the Response to Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone in Bull Calves     

ET Bagu  KL Davies  T Epp  A Arteaga  DM Barrett  R Duggavathi  A Barth  NC Rawlings 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(5):803-810

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of parity of the dam on age at which a scrotal circumference (SC) ≥ 28 cm was attained and the LH response to Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LHRH) in bull calves. We also wanted to confirm, in a large group of bull calves, that the LH response to LHRH could be used to select early maturing bulls. Body weight and SC of the bull calves were measured every other week. At 15, 20 and 25 weeks of age, calves received 4.12 nm /kg body weight of LHRH ischio‐rectally and blood samples were taken every 15 min for 4 h. Calves from primiparous and multiparous dams were separated into two sub‐groups based on age at which an SC ≥ 28 cm was attained (early or late). An SC ≥ 28 cm was attained earlier in calves born to multiparous as compared with primiparous dams (p < 0.05). At 20 and 25 weeks of age, peak serum LH concentrations (LH‐peak) and area under the LH response curve (LH‐AUC) in response to LHRH were higher (p < 0.01) in calves born to multiparous as compared with primiparous dams. In calves born to multiparous dams the LH‐peak at 15 and 25 weeks of age and the LH‐AUC at 15 weeks of age were lower (p < 0.05) in calves that attained an SC ≥ 28 cm early as compared with late. The LHRH‐challenge test sensitivity and specificity ranged from 46% to 86%. We concluded that parity of the dam affected age at which SC ≥ 28 cm was attained and the LH response to LHRH in bull calves. Serum LH responses to LHRH at 15 and 25 weeks of age, in calves born to multiparous dams, show some promise for development into a test to select early maturing bull calves.  相似文献   

Post‐natal Changes in Testicular Concentrations of Interleukin‐1 Alpha and Beta and Interleukin‐6 during Sexual Maturation in Bulls     

ET Bagu  JR Gordon  NC Rawlings 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(2):336-341

Based on observations in laboratory animals interleukins could be regulators of testicular development. The objects of this study were to see if interleukins (IL‐1 and IL‐6) are present in the developing bull testis and to establish the temporal patterns of concentrations of IL‐1 and IL‐6 in the bovine testis during development. Separate groups of six bull calves were castrated every 4 weeks from 5 to 33 weeks of age, and at 56 weeks of age. Mean testicular IL‐1 alpha concentrations decreased (p < 0.01) from 5 to 9 weeks of age and 13 to 21 weeks of age. Mean testicular IL‐1 beta concentrations decreased (p < 0.01) from 13 to 17 weeks of age and from 29 to 33 weeks of age. Mean IL‐1 bioactivity increased from 13 to 17 weeks of age, decreased to 21 weeks, increased to 25 weeks, decreased to 29 weeks and decreased from 33 to 56 weeks of age (p < 0.05). Mean testicular IL‐6 concentrations decreased (p < 0.05) from 9 to 13 weeks of age, increased (p < 0.05) to 21 weeks, decreased (p < 0.05) to 25 weeks, increased (p < 0.05) to 29 weeks and decreased (p < 0.01) to 56 weeks of age. In conclusion, testicular IL‐1 alpha, IL‐1 beta and IL‐6 were found in the bovine testis and concentrations were age dependent. Testicular IL‐1 alpha and IL‐1 beta concentrations were highest in the early post‐natal period; however, IL‐1 bioactivity and IL‐6 concentrations were greatest in the immediate pre‐pubertal period. These findings suggest a functional role for interleukins in testicular development in the bull.  相似文献   

Managing leaf‐cutting ants: peculiarities,trends and challenges     

Terezinha MC Della Lucia  Lailla C Gandra  Raul NC Guedes 《Pest management science》2014,70(1):14-23

Leaf‐cutting ants are generally recognized as important pest species in Neotropical America. They are eusocial insects that exhibit social organization, foraging, fungus‐cultivation, hygiene and a complex nest structure, which render their management notoriously difficult. A lack of economic thresholds and sampling plans focused on the main pest species preclude the management of leaf‐cutting ants; such management would facilitate their control and lessen insecticide overuse, particularly the use of insecticidal baits. Recent restrictions on the use of synthetic compounds for such purposes impose additional challenges for the management of leaf‐cutting ants. Considerable effort has been exerted regarding these challenges, which are addressed herein, but which also remain challenges that are yet to be conquered. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献